Module 4. Internet Security

   

INTERNET SECURITY



DEFINITION

Internet security is essential for both home and office users, protecting against fraud, theft, and property damage. It encompasses browser, network, and online data security, relying on encryption tools like PGP, firewalls, and antivirus programs.

IMPORTANCES
  • Privacy and confidentiality: Without protection, personal data can be intercepted and misused, leading to identity theft or scams.
  • Identity theft: Hackers can exploit weak security to access financial or personal information, enabling fraud, unauthorized transactions, and loan applications.
  • Data theft: Sensitive information such as photos, documents, and emails can be stolen, resold, or used for blackmail, damaging reputations and relationships.

INSTANT MESSAGING

Instant Messaging (IM) is a real-time communication method that allows users to exchange text messages, share files, and conduct video or voice chats through applications like Skype, WhatsApp, and Signal. IM provides features such as instant messaging, group chats, media and file sharing, video calls, and mobile support, making communication faster and more interactive. IM operates on a client-server model, where users authenticate to a server, which forwards messages to recipients.

WEB BROWSER

A web browser is software that allows users to access and display web pages using HTTP to transfer files like text, images, and videos. Popular browsers include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, and Safari.

SECURED WEBSITE

Secure websites use encryption (e.g., SSL) to protect user data. Indicators of a secure site include:

  • Lock icon: Appears before the URL (or in Safari’s top-right corner).
  • HTTPS in the URL: Secure sites start with "https://", indicating SSL encryption.

SECURITY ISSUE & MITIGATION

While IM enhances communication, it also introduces security risks such as privacy breaches, identity fraud, malware infections, and software vulnerabilities. Users may face eavesdropping, data leakage, impersonation, and malware-laden file transfers.

To mitigate these risks:

  • Disable automatic file transfers to prevent malware downloads.
  • Scan all received files before opening them.
  • Avoid clicking unknown links in IM messages.
  • Never share personal information over IM without encryption.
  • Regularly update IM software, enable firewalls, and use up-to-date antivirus protection.

HOW TO SECURE WEB BROWSER

There is no "most secure" browser, as security changes over time. However, users can enhance browser security by:

  • Configuring security settings: Adjusting privacy settings, such as blocking third-party cookies.
  • Keeping the browser updated: Regular updates fix vulnerabilities.
  • Signing up for security alerts: Using Google Alerts for browser-related threats.
  • Avoiding public/free Wi-Fi: Hackers can intercept data on unprotected networks.
  • Installing security plugins:
    • HTTPS Everywhere: Encrypts web communications.
    • Web of Trust (WOT): Indicates website safety with color-coded icons.

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